Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteri dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Secara In Vivo

Authors

  • Eka Widianingsih
    Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
  • Sulastri Isminingsih
    Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
  • Endang Sulistyorini
    Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
  • Andree Saylendra
    Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Keywords:

anthracnose, chillies, Colletotrichum sp, in vivo, Rhizobacteria

Abstract

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is the most commercially cultivated horticultural crop compared to other vegetables. The decline in chili production in Indonesia can occur due to several factors, including attacks of anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotricum sp. Control can be done by using biological agents that are environmentally friendly and able to induce plant resistance to disease systemically. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rhizobacteria in controlling anthracnose disease on red chili fruit (Capsicum annum L.) in vivo. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Soil and Agroclimate and Basic Science and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Serang City, Banten, on September to November 2024. This study used a one-factor Completely Randomised Design (RAL) with four replications. The treatments consisted of seven levels, namely (E0-) without rhizobacteria on infected chillies, (E0+) the use of fungicides on infected chillies, and five selected rhizobacterial isolates derived from oil palm plant soil. The results showed that rhizobacterial isolates could control anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp. on red chilli fruit in vivo with different effectiveness. The treatment of rhizobacterial isolate E5 was the best in reducing the incubation period of the fungus Colletotrichum sp. by 5 days, the percentage of anthracnose disease incidence by 66.67% with moderate disease resistance, and the percentage of anthracnose disease intensity by 28.32% at the end of observation and the average rate of chilli fruit weight loss by 17.31%, although higher than the positive control treatment (E0+).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adhni, A. L., Fitriyanti, D., & Liestiany, E. (2022). Uji Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Cabai (Capsicum sp.) Terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp.) yang Berasal Dari Desa Hiyung Kabupaten Tapin. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropika, 5(1), 448–454. https://doi.org/10.20527/jptt.v5i1.1035

Agustina, D., Triasih, U., Dwiastuti, M. E., & Wicaksono, R. C. (2019). Potensi Jamur Antagonis dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Botryodiplodia theobromae Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Batang pada Tanaman Jeruk. Jurnal Agronida, 5(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.30997/jag.v5i1.1852

Ahmad, N. I., Bunga, Y. N., & Bare, Y. (2021). Etnobotani Tanaman Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum Annum L.) Di Desa Waiwuring, Kecamatan Witihama Kabupaten Flores Timur. Spizaetus: Jurnal Biologi Dan Pendidikan Biologi, 2(2), 8–17. https://doi.org/10.55241/spibio.v2i2.46

Apriliani, A. C., Mujoko, T., & Purnawati, A. (2022). Uji Antagonis Bakteri Endofit Terhadap Patogen Fusarium sp. Asal Tanaman Terung Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Agrohita, 7(3), 615–620.

Arseneault, T., & Filion, M. (2017). Biocontrol through antibiosis: exploring the role played by subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics in soil and their impact on plant pathogens. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 39(3), 267–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2017.1354335

Badan Pusat Statistik, (BPS). (2024). Statistik Indonesia Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2024 Volume 52. In Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia (Vol. 52). BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik). https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/02/28/c1bacde03256343b2bf769b0/statistik-indonesia-2024.html

Flori, F., Mukarlina, & Rahmawati. (2020). Potensi Antagonis Isolat Bakteri Bacillus sp. Asal Rizosfer Tanaman Lada (Piper nigrum L. ) sebagai Agen Pengendali Jamur Fusarium sp. JDF. Fungus. Bioma: Jurnal Biologi Makassar, 5(1), 111–120.

Hanif, A., & Susanti, R. (2017). Analisis Senyawa Antifungal Bakteri Endofit Asal Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.). Agrintech: Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Dan Hasil Pertanian, 1(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.30596/agrintech.v1i1.1666

Hersanti, Krestini, E. H., & Fathin, S. A. (2016). Pengaruh Beberapa Sistem Teknologi Pengendalian Terpadu terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum capsici) pada Cabai Merah Cb-1 Unpad di Musim Kemarau 2015. Agrikultura, 27(2), 83–88. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v27i2.9987

Khairani, Aini, F., & Riany, H. (2019). Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Rizosfer Tanaman Sawit Jambi. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 12(2), 198–206. https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v12i2.11723

Lee, Y. H., Jang, S. J., Han, J. H., Bae, J. S., Shin, H., Park, H. J., Sang, M. K., Han, S. H., Kim, K. S., Han, S. W., & Hong, J. K. (2018). Enhanced tolerance of chinese cabbage seedlings mediated by Bacillus aryabhattai H26-2 and B. Siamensis H30-3 against high temperature stress and fungal infections. Plant Pathology Journal, 34(6), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.07.2018.0130

Mardiah, Syamsuddin, & Efendi. (2016). Perlakuan Benih menggunakan Rizobakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.). Floratek, 11(1), 25–35. https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/floratek/article/view/4577

Marwan, H., Nusifera, S., & Mulyati, S. (2021). Potensi Bakteri Endofit sebagai Agens Hayati untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Blas pada Tanaman Padi. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 26(3), 328–333. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.3.328

McLaughlin, M. S., Roy, M., Abbasi, P. A., Carisse, O., Yurgel, S. N., & Ali, S. (2023). Why Do We Need Alternative Methods for Fungal Disease Management in Plants? Plants, 12(22), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12223822

Molebila, D. Y., Padafani, B. D. B., & Achmad, Z. N. R. (2023). Dampak Keberadaan Penyakit pada Proses Penyimpanan terhadap Pedagang Cabai Merah Besar di Kabupaten Alor. Jurnal Partner (Pertanian Terapan), 28(2), 266–279.

Nurmayulis, Syabana, M. A., & Syafendra, Y. (2013). Pengendalian Antraknosa (Colletotrichum capsici) pada Cabai Merah dengan Beberapa Bakteri sebagai Agen Biokontrol. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 5(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.30809/phe.1.2017.21

Prihatiningsih, N., Djatmiko, H. A., & Erminawati. (2020). Komponen epidemi penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai di kecamatan baturaden kabupaten Banyumas. Jurnal Agro, 7(2), 203–212. https://doi.org/10.15575/8000

Prihatiningsih, N., Djatmiko, H. A., & Lestari, P. (2017). Aktivitas Siderofor Bacillus Subtilis Sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan Dan Pengendali Patogen Tanaman Terung. Jurnal Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika, 17(2), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.217170-178

Ramadansyah, R., Nura, Halimursyadah, & Hafsah, S. (2022). Efektivitas Rhizobakteri pada Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan serta Ketahanan Sistemik Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap Patogen Colletotrichum sp. Jurnal Agrista, 26(2), 53–65. https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/agrista/article/view/30381/17258

Rani, S., Prasetyawati, E. T., & Nirwanto, H. (2022). Potensi Bakteri Bacillus spp. dalam Menghambat Colletotrichum capsici Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Cabai Merah Secara In Vitro. Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi, 10(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.33005/plumula.v10i1.76

Rifqah, R. A. (2018). Uji Kemampuan Rizobakteri Indigenos Sebagai Agen Bio Kontrol Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Cabai. Ensiklopedia of Journal, 1(1), 119–123. https://jurnal.ensiklopediaku.org/ojs-2.4.8-3/index.php/ensiklopedia/article/view/12

Salamiah, & Wahdah, R. (2015). Pemanfaatan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) dalam pengendalian penyakit tungro pada padi lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon, 1(6), 1448–1456. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010632

Saputra, R., Arwiyanto, T., & Wibowo, A. (2015). Uji Aktivitas Antagonistik Beberapa Isolat Bacillus spp. terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) pada Beberapa Varietas Tomat dan Identifikasinya. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon, 1(5), 1116–1122. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010525

Sholihah, S. M., Banu, L. S., Nuraini, A., & Piguno, P. A. (2020). Kajian Perbandingan Analisa Usaha Tani serta Produktivitas Tanaman Cabai Rawit di dalam Polibag dan di Lahan Pekarangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Respati, 11(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.52643/jir.v11i1.844

Sriyanti, N. L. G., Suprapta, D. N., & Suada, I. K. (2015). Uji Keefektifan Rizobakteri dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Colletotrichum spp. Penyebab Antraknosa pada Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.). E-Jurnal Agroteknologi Tropika, 4(1), 53–65.

Suryadi, Y., Susilowati, D., Samudra, I. M., Permatasari, M., & Ambarsari, L. (2020). Karakterisasi Kitinase Isolat Bakteri Rhizosfer Asal Cianjur dan Aktivitasnya terhadap Patogen Colletotrichum sp. Bioma : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(1), 54–71. https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v9i1.6034

Syabana, M. A., Saylendra, A., & Ramdhani, D. (2015). Aktivitas Anti Cendawan Ekstrak Daun Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) terhadap Colletotrichum sp. Penyebab Penyakit pada Buah Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Secara In Vitro dan In Vivo. Agrologia, 4(1), 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/a.v4i1.220

Wakhidah, N., Kasrina, K., & Bustamam, H. (2021). Keanekaragaman Jamur Patogen pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) di Dataran Rendah. Konservasi Hayati, 17(2), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.33369/hayati.v17i2.17920

Widiantini, F., Yulia, E., & Nasahi, C. (2018). Potensi Antagonisme Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Asal Bakteri Endofit dengan Pelarut Metanol terhadap Jamur G. boninense Pat. Jurnal Agrikultura, 29(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i1.17870

Published

2025-05-31

How to Cite

Widianingsih, E., Isminingsih, S., Sulistyorini, E., & Saylendra, A. (2025). Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteri dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Secara In Vivo. Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa Dan Pertanian, 10(2), 202–211. https://doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v10i2.1880

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Articles
Digital Object Identifier
https://doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v10i2.1880
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2025 Eka Widianingsih, Sulastri Isminingsih, Endang Sulistyorini, Andree Saylendra

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-SA) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship initial publication in this journal.